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一、什么叫科赫(Koch)现象?科赫(1843～1910)是德国细菌学家,他在1882年发现了结核杆菌。1890年他叙述了一个阐明结核病发病的实验:给未经结核杆菌感染的健康豚鼠注射毒性结核杆菌,初期没有明显反应,10～14天以后,在豚鼠注射局部有红肿、硬结、并逐渐形成溃疡,豚鼠最终死于进行性结核病。如果用同样剂量的毒性结核杆菌注射于三周前曾接受过小剂量毒性结核杆菌感染的恢复期豚鼠,则表现大不一样,此时,豚鼠注射局部反应发生早且强烈;2～3天即出现红肿和溃疡,但能很快愈合结疤,毒性结核杆菌不能扩散,动物也不
First, what is the Koch phenomenon? Koch (1843-1910) is a German bacteriologist who discovered M. tuberculosis in 1882. In 1890 he described an experiment to elucidate the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Inoculation of virulent M. tuberculosis to healthy guinea pigs not infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis initially showed no obvious reaction. After 10 to 14 days, local injection of guinea pigs developed redness, induration and ulceration Guinea pigs eventually die of progressive tuberculosis. If the same dose of M. tuberculosis is injected into convalescent guinea pigs that had been exposed to a low dose of TB Mycobacterium tuberculosis three weeks ago, the performance is quite different. At this time, the local response to guinea pig injection occurs early and strongly; 2-3 days Redness and ulcers appear, but scar can heal quickly, toxic Mycobacterium tuberculosis can not spread, animals do not