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目的分析随州市62年来疟疾流行情况,评价各阶段的防治措施及效果,为我国消除疟疾工作提供一定的经验及教训。方法收集随州市1951—2013年疟疾发病疫情及发热病人血检、疟疾休止期治疗、重点人群预防服药、药物灭蚊、疟疾防治工作计划和总结等相关资料,并进行回顾性分析。结果经过62年的防控,随州地疟疾疫情已得到了全面控制,取得非常显著的效果,发病率从最高年度(1973年)的9 013.77/10万,下降到最低年度(2012年)的0.06/10万,2011年起已无本地病例发生。至2013年全市已达到了国家确定的消除疟疾标准。结论对以中华按蚊、嗜人按蚊为主要传播媒介的疟疾流行区,要科学地采取因时因地制宜防控措施,健全各级组织、强化规范管理、突出工作重点、集中基层力量、开展联防联控、加强督促检查、稳定防治队伍。并对输入性疟疾要作防控的重点,严防二代病例的出现应作为疟防工作的重中之重。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of malaria in Suizhou City in the past 62 years and evaluate the prevention and control measures and its effects at various stages so as to provide some experiences and lessons for malaria elimination work in our country. Methods The data of malaria epidemic and fever patients in Suizhou from 1951 to 2013, the adjuvant treatment of malaria, preventive medication in key populations, mosquito control, malaria prevention and control plan and summary were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results After 62 years of prevention and control, the outbreak of malaria in Suizhou Prefecture was under full control with very significant results. The incidence rate dropped from 9 013.77 / 100,000 in the highest year (1973) to 0.06 in the lowest year (2012) / 100,000, no local cases have occurred since 2011. By 2013, the city has reached the national malaria elimination standard. Conclusion For malaria-endemic areas with Anopheles sinensis and Anopheles anthropoidia as the major vectors, it is necessary to scientifically adopt prevention and control measures according to local conditions, improve organization at all levels, strengthen standardized management, highlight work priorities, focus grassroots forces and conduct joint defense Joint control, strengthen supervision and inspection, stable prevention and treatment team. And the input malaria should be the focus of prevention and control, to prevent the emergence of second-generation cases should be as a top priority malaria prevention.