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采用常规胸部X线摄片和痰涂片检查的方法,并按照《赴美签证申请人体检指导》中有关肺结核的分级标准对11579名赴美移民进行肺部结核病的检查。发现肺结核表现共1269例,总检出率10.96%,其中检出活动性肺结核52例(A级——渗出性肺结核9例,B1级—渗出性肺结核并部分增殖43例),检出率0.45%;非活动性肺结核B2级(纤维化表现)和B3级(钙化)的检出率分别为2.22%和8.29%。痰涂片检查52例,阳性9例,涂阳率17.31%。对9例涂阳者进行短程化疗,6个月后复查,痰涂阴转率88.89%。本文就如何防止结核病通过移民传播,提出了具体防治对策。
Conventional chest X-ray and sputum smear tests were conducted and 11,579 immigrants from the United States were examined for tuberculosis of the lungs according to the grading standards for tuberculosis in the “Medical Examination Guide for Visas Visas to the United States.” A total of 1269 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were found, with a total detection rate of 10.96%. Among them, 52 cases of active tuberculosis (Grade A - exudative pulmonary tuberculosis in 9 cases, grade B1 - exudative pulmonary tuberculosis and partial proliferation in 43 cases) were detected. Rate was 0.45%. The detection rates of grade B2 (fibrosis) and grade B3 (calcification) of non-active pulmonary tuberculosis were 2.22% and 8.29% respectively. Sputum smear examination in 52 cases, 9 cases of positive smear rate of 17.31%. 9 cases of smear positive short-course chemotherapy, 6 months after the review, sputum smear negative conversion rate of 88.89%. In this paper, how to prevent the spread of tuberculosis through immigration, put forward specific prevention and control measures.