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目的了解贫困农村地区6~23月龄婴幼儿贫血现状及其影响因素,为制定针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法于2015年8月在湖南省武陵山区和罗霄山区25个贫困县采用乡级概率比例规模抽样方法,随机抽取7221名农村6~23月龄婴幼儿作为研究对象,进行问卷调查并测定血红蛋白,采用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析其贫血影响因素。结果 25.2%的婴幼儿贫血,其中95.9%为轻度贫血,4.0%为中度贫血,0.1%为重度贫血;多因素分析结果显示,12~17月龄(OR=0.812,95%CI=0.709~0.931)、18~23月龄(OR=0.552,95%CI=0.475~0.640)、侗族(OR=0.717,95%CI=0.558~0.922)、父亲职业为商业服务人员(OR=0.864,95%CI=0.756~0.986)、母乳喂养(OR=1.459,95%CI=1.281~1.660)和有效服用营养包(OR=0.742,95%CI=0.663~0.830)是贫困农村地区6~23月龄婴幼儿贫血的影响因素。结论贫困农村地区6~23月龄婴幼儿贫血患病率仍处于较高水平,且受多种因素影响。
Objective To understand the status of anemia in infants and young children aged 6 ~ 23 months in impoverished rural areas and its influencing factors, and to provide basis for making targeted interventions. Methods In August 2015, a total of 7221 rural infants from 6 to 23 months old were selected randomly from 25 rural poverty-stricken counties in Wuling Mountain and Luoxiao Mountain districts of Hunan Province for questionnaire survey and hemoglobin , Using multivariate non-conditional logistic regression model to analyze the influencing factors of anemia. Results 25.2% of infants and young children were anemic, of which 95.9% were mild anemia, 4.0% were moderate anemia and 0.1% were severe anemia. Multivariate analysis showed that children aged 12-17 months (OR = 0.812, 95% CI = 0.709 (OR = 0.717, 95% CI = 0.558 ~ 0.922), and father’s occupation as commercial service personnel (OR = 0.864, 95% CI = 0.475-0.640) (OR = 1.459, 95% CI = 1.281-1.660) and effective nutrition package (OR = 0.742, 95% CI = 0.663-0.830) were among 6 to 23 months of age in poor rural areas Influencing factors of infant anemia. Conclusion The prevalence of anemia in infants and young children aged 6 ~ 23 months in impoverished rural areas is still at a high level and is affected by many factors.