近代以来,随着社会的发展,科学技术的发明和应用,创造了人类前所的未有的物质文明,特别是二十世纪高科技的发展,更带动了社会生产力的迅速提高,人类的物质文明已达到了空前的发达水平。与此同时,人类认识自然、改造自然的能力也空前强大起来,人类过分的自信与片面的发展观使得自己在物质财富涌入、生活水平提高的同时,也付出了生态危机、环境恶化的惨重代价。这最直接的后果就是恶化的生态环境对人类一次次无情的惩罚,例如:全球变暖、臭氧层耗竭、水资源状况恶化、生物多样性减少、毒害物质污染等,让大家感受 Since the modern era, with the development of society, the invention and application of science and technology have created unprecedented material civilization before mankind. In particular, the development of high technology in the twentieth century has also led to the rapid increase of social productive forces and the development of human material Civilization has reached an unprecedented level of development. At the same time, mankind’s ability to recognize nature and transform nature is unprecedentedly powerful. Overcrowding of mankind’s self-confidence and one-sided concept of development have caused ecological crisis and environmental degradation while infusing material wealth and improving living standards. cost. This most direct consequence is that once the deteriorating environment has relentlessly punished human beings, such as global warming, depletion of the ozone layer, deteriorating water resources, diminishing biodiversity, pollution of toxic substances, etc., let us feel