贵金属在甲烷活化与转化中呈现出优良的反应性。研究气态条件下贵金属物种与甲烷的反应,可以从分子水平上揭示凝聚相贵金属催化体系的活性位点与基元反应机理,为理性设计和改进催化剂提供理论基础。本文综述了贵金属原子、离子、团簇、氢化物、卤化物、氧化物、甲基配合物以及掺杂团簇活化、转化甲烷取得的新进展,并针对不同贵金属体系的甲烷活化机理展开讨论。 Precious metals exhibit excellent reactivity in methane activation and conversion. Studying the reaction between precious metal species and methane under gaseous conditions can reveal the active site and the elementary reaction mechanism of the noble metal catalytic system in condensed phase at the molecular level and provide the theoretical basis for the rational design and improvement of the catalyst. In this paper, the progress of activation and methane conversion of noble metal atoms, ions, clusters, hydrides, halides, oxides, methyl complexes and doped clusters is reviewed. Methane activation mechanisms of different noble metal systems are also discussed.