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目的了解河南省周口市西华县留守妇女艾滋病认知及卫生现状,为开展农村艾滋病防治工作提供参考依据。方法以群体抽样的方法对西华县901名留守妇女进行问卷调查。结果在901名留守妇女中,通过电视途径获取艾滋病知识的占61.7%;知晓艾滋病三大传播途径中血液传播途径、母婴传播途径和性传播途径分别占78.8%、63.4%和58.6%;认为与艾滋病病人共餐﹑握手﹑共用马桶和蚊虫叮咬等非传播途径不会感染艾滋病分别占40.8%﹑60.3%﹑29.9%和48.7%;不愿和艾滋病病人接触的占79.3%。在卫生方面,半年体检一次的﹑每天换洗内裤的、每天洗下身的和有妇科疾病的分别占11.4%﹑48.9%﹑52.3%和42.9%。结论西华县留守妇女对艾滋病了解不全面,卫生状况较差,妇科疾病很多。应加强农村留守妇女的健康教育,提高其认知能力和卫生水平,这对防止艾滋病疫情向农村扩散有重要现实意义。
Objective To understand the AIDS awareness and health status among left-behind women in Xihua County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province, and provide reference for AIDS prevention and treatment work in rural areas. Methods A total of 901 left-behind women in Xihua County were surveyed by group sampling method. Results Of the 901 left-behind women, 61.7% got HIV / AIDS knowledge through TV channels. They also knew that the blood-borne pathways among the three HIV transmission routes were 78.8%, 63.4% and 58.6%, respectively; AIDS, 40.3%, 60.3%, 29.9% and 48.7% of the non-transmission of AIDS, such as sharing meals with handshaking, handshaking, sharing of toilets and mosquito bites, and 79.3% of unwilling contacts with AIDS patients. In terms of health, half-yearly physical exams, daily panties exchange, and daily gynecological diseases accounted for 11.4%, 48.9%, 52.3% and 42.9% respectively. Conclusion Left-behind women in Xihua County have a poor understanding of AIDS, poor health conditions and many gynecological diseases. Health education for left-behind women in rural areas should be strengthened to improve their cognitive ability and health level. This is of great practical significance in preventing the spread of the AIDS epidemic to the rural areas.