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通过静电纺丝技术首次将溶解在1％ (体积分数) 超低浓度乙酸溶液中的3％ (wt, 质量分数, 下同) 壳聚糖 (CS) 与溶解在去离子水中的11％聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 溶液进行混合, 在20～22kV高压静电场下制备出直径在70～300nm之间、CS含量高达60％, 具有均匀结构的CS/PVA纳米纤维膜.通过旋转流变仪、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、红外光谱、热重分析和万能试验机等手段对其混合溶液进行表征.结果表明:CS/PVA纳米纤维膜的形貌与CS和PVA的混合比例有关, 当CS含量低于60％时, 纤维形貌良好, 当CS含量高于60％时, 纤维中存在有液滴以及纺锤体.另外, CS与PVA之间存在强有力的氢键作用并具有很好的相容性, PVA可以降低壳聚糖的结晶性利于静电纺过程的进行;并且该CS/PVA纳米纤维膜具有较好的热稳定性和弹性, 随着PVA比例的增加其最大拉伸强度可达到9.98MPa.“,”A uniform nanofibrous membrane with average fibre diameter of 70～300 nm and CS content of up to60％ was obtained by electrospining for the first time with blend of 3％ (wt) chitosan solution in 1％ (volume fraction) acetic acid and 11％ (wt) PVA in distilled water, under the electric field of 20～22 kV and which was varying proportion of CS/PVA.Resulting nanofibers were characterized by FESEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA and universal testing machine.The results of FESEM showed that the morphology of CS/PVA nanofiber membrane was related to the mixing ratio of CS and PVA.When the content of CS was less than 60％, the morphology was good.When CS content was higher than60％, droplets and spindle bodies were present in the fiber.In addition, there were strong hydrogen bonds between CS and PVA and good compatibility.PVA can reduce the crystallinity of chitosan and facilitated the electrospinning process.CS/PVA membrane had excellent thermal stability and elasticity, and the maximum tensile strength can reach9.98 MPa with the increasement of PVA proportion.