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理论部分 [题1]如图所示,潮湿空气绝热地持续流过山脉。气象站M_0和M_2测出的大气压强都是100kPa,气象站M_2测出的大气压强为70kPa,在M_0处,空气的温度是20℃。随着空气的上升,在压强为84.5kPa的高度处(图1中M_1)开始有云形成。空气由此继续上升,经1500秒后到达山脊的M_2站,在上升过程中,空气里的水蒸汽凝结成雨落下。设每平方米上空潮湿空气的质量为2000kg,每千克潮湿空气中凝结出2.45克的雨水。
Theoretical part [question 1] As shown in the figure, moist air continues to flow through the mountains in adiabatic way. The atmospheric pressure measured by the weather stations M_0 and M_2 is 100 kPa, and the atmospheric pressure measured by the meteorological station M_2 is 70 kPa. At M_0, the temperature of the air is 20°C. As the air rises, cloud formation begins at a height of 84.5 kPa (M_1 in Fig. 1). As a result, the air continues to rise. After 1500 seconds, it reaches the M_2 station on the ridge. During the ascent, the water vapor in the air condenses into rain. The mass of moist air per square meter is 2000 kg, and 2.45 grams of rainwater is condensed out per kilogram of moist air.