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目的:调查乡镇作坊式制鞋业职工接触苯、汽油环境及危害情况,为减轻家庭作坊制鞋业的一线工人苯、汽油的职业危害提出对策。方法:对某乡镇家庭作坊式制鞋业苯、汽油作业环境及作业工人104人进行了调查,同时以无苯、汽油接触条件相似的120人作对照。结果:气测定结果表明,制糊及成型分别超标0.30和2.97倍,汽油在制糊及复合底作业环境中分别超标0.15和2.27倍。接触组乏力、头痛、头晕、多梦、睡眠障碍等症状明显高于对照组。(P<0.01)。接触组慢性咽炎偏多,共25例,占24.04%。接触组与对照组心电图,B超检查比较,经统计学处理两组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:乡镇作坊式制鞋业职工接触苯、汽油环境及危害情况较严重,必须采取综合措施进行根治。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the environmental and hazardous situation of workers exposed to benzene and gasoline in township workshop-style footwear industry and to put forward countermeasures to reduce the occupational hazards of benzene and gasoline in the first-line workers in home-workshop footwear industry. Methods: Totally 104 workers and workers in home-based workshop and shoe-making industry of benzene, gasoline were surveyed. Meanwhile, 120 workers with similar benzene-free and gasoline contact conditions were compared. Results: The results of gas measurement showed that the paste and forming exceeded 0.30 and 2.97 times, respectively, and the petrol exceeded 0.15 and 2.27 times respectively in paste and composite bottom working environment. Contact group fatigue, headache, dizziness, dreams, sleep disorders and other symptoms was significantly higher than the control group. (P <0.01). More chronic pharyngitis exposure group, a total of 25 cases, accounting for 24.04%. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the contact group and the control group (P> 0.05) by electrocardiogram and B-ultrasound examination. Conclusion: Workers in workshops and workshops in villages and towns have exposure to benzene and their environment and hazards are more serious. Therefore, they must take comprehensive measures to cure them.