为探讨水稻白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera Horvth翅型分化机制,以其长翅型、短翅型的遗传纯系为材料,在不同梯度的温度、光周期、若虫密度、不同寄主植物、水稻生育期、双亲翅型和植株营养条件下比较白背飞虱的翅型分化状况。结果显示,短日照有利于白背飞虱短翅型雄虫的发生;白背飞虱若虫密度≥15头/管时,短翅型分化率仅在16.9%以下;寄主营养决定了翅型分化的方向,寄主植物的总蛋白质含量与白背飞虱短翅型的分化率呈正相关;水稻拔节期最有利于白背飞虱短翅型的发生,分化率为45.2%,而灌浆期有利于其长翅型的发生;该虫F1代的翅型表型与亲本的遗传密切相关,父本和母本均为短翅型时,F1代短翅型分化率可达47.7%。无论在什么情况下白背飞虱长翅型的分化率始终高于短翅型,尤其是短翅型雄虫的分化率非常低。因此,白背飞虱长、短翅型的分化既由基因控制,又受外界环境因子的影响。 In order to investigate the wing-type differentiation mechanism of Sogatella furcifera Horvth, the long-winged and short-winged hereditary lines of Sogatella furcifera Horvth were used as experimental materials to study the effects of temperature, photoperiod, nymph density, host plants, The wing-type differentiation status of whitebacked planthopper, Siphonopsis sibirica (Walker) The results showed that short-day sunshine was beneficial to the short-winged male of Sogatella furcifera. When the white-backed planthopper nymph density was more than 15 per tube, the short-winged differentiation rate was only 16.9% . The total protein content of host plants was positively correlated with the rate of short-winged planthopper type. The jointing stage of rice was most favorable for the short-winged type of white -backed planthopper, with a differentiation rate of 45.2% The long-winged pattern occurred. The wing phenotype of the F1 generation was closely related to the heritability of the parents. When both the male parent and the female parent were short-winged, the short wing-type differentiation rate of F1 was 47.7%. Under all circumstances, the divergence rate of long-winged whitebacked planthoppers was always higher than that of the short-winged ones, especially for the short-winged male. Therefore, the divergence of long and short-winged whitebacked planthoppers was controlled both by genes and by external environmental factors.