树突状细胞(dendriticcells,DC)是专职性抗原提呈细胞,其主要通过吞噬作用、胞饮和受体介导的胞吞作用摄取抗原。DC表面表达的C型凝集素受体(C-typelectinreceptors,CLR)和Toll样受体(Toll-likereceptors,TLR)能通过受体介导的内吞这一途径分别摄取糖蛋白和微生物抗原。CLR在体内参与负性免疫调节:识别糖基化的自身抗原诱导免疫耐受、负性调节TLR信号通路并且某些病原体能利用其诱导耐受功能以逃避免疫应答。深入研究CLR的结构与功能有助于理解自身免疫性疾病的发病机制,并可能为自身免疫性疾病的防治提供新的干预手段。 Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that uptake antigen mainly through phagocytosis, pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis. C-type Lectin receptors (CLRs) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressed on DCs can uptake glycoproteins and microbial antigens through receptor-mediated endocytosis. CLRs are involved in negative immune regulation in vivo: recognition of glycosylated autoantigens induces immune tolerance, negatively regulates TLR signaling pathways and some pathogens can use it to induce tolerance functions to evade immune responses. In-depth study of the structure and function of CLR helps to understand the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and may provide new interventions for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases.