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目的研究吴江地区女性孕期被动吸烟与胎儿宫内汞暴露的关系。方法采取整群抽样法选取孕期生活在吴江地区,并于研究期间在吴江区第一人民医院分娩的产妇和新生儿作为研究对象。调查各种汞暴露高危因素,产妇本人和丈夫吸烟史,孕期每周逗留于家庭外二手烟环境的次数。新生儿娩出后即刻取抗凝脐带血测定脐血汞水平。结果 2 496例新生儿脐血汞测定值为(2.02±1.97)μg/kg,男性新生儿与女性新生儿比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.523,P>0.05)。丈夫吸烟与丈夫不吸烟的产妇脐血汞水平及脐血汞水平>5.8μg/kg的产妇例数比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。孕期逗留于家庭外二手烟环境(每周3次或以上)与孕期未逗留于家庭外二手烟环境(每周3次或以上)的产妇脐血汞水平及脐血汞水平>5.8μg/kg的产妇例数比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。丈夫吸烟与新生儿脐带血汞水平呈明显正相关。结论孕期丈夫吸烟明显增加胎儿宫内汞暴露,应力求戒烟。家庭外二手烟环境对胎儿宫内汞暴露无影响可能与例数过少及调查中未量化接触时间有关。
Objective To study the relationship between passive smoking during pregnancy and mercury exposure in pregnant women in Wujiang area. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select the pregnant women living in Wujiang during pregnancy and the mothers and newborns delivered in First People’s Hospital of Wujiang during the study period. Investigate the high risk factors for various mercury exposures, the smoking history of the woman and her husband, and the number of weekly stays outside the home during pregnancy during pregnancy. Immediately after birth, neonates were given anticoagulant cord blood for determination of umbilical cord blood mercury levels. Results The urinary mercury levels in 2 496 newborns were (2.02 ± 1.97) μg / kg, there was no significant difference between male and female neonates (t = 0.523, P> 0.05). Husband’s smoking and husband’s non-smoking maternal umbilical blood mercury levels and umbilical mercury levels> 5.8μg / kg of maternal cases were significantly different (P <0.05). Pregnancy stay in second-hand smoke outside the home environment (3 times per week or more) and pregnant women did not stay in second-hand smoke outside the home environment (3 times a week or more) umbilical cord blood mercury levels and umbilical mercury levels> 5.8μg / kg The number of maternal cases were no significant difference (P> 0.05). Husband smoking and neonatal umbilical cord blood mercury levels were positively correlated. Conclusion Husband smoking during pregnancy significantly increased intrauterine mercury exposure, should strive to quit smoking. The effects of exposure to second-hand smoke outside the home on intrauterine mercury exposure may be related to the low number of cases and the un-quantified exposure time in the survey.