论文部分内容阅读
一般来说,提高保苗率是草莓高产稳定的基础,实践证明,重点应做到以下6点。一、细致整地,均匀施肥栽植草莓的地块首先要耕翻,以后做成高垄(垄高25cm,上宽30cm,下宽60cm,垄间距为35cm),每垄定植两行。做成平畦(畦宽1m 为宜),每畦两行。每亩施大粪干500kg、豆饼25kg、复合肥80kg。二、严格选苗选具有5～6片叶,根颈在1～1.5cm,苗重在20～30g 的子苗栽植,每棵能发出5～6个花序,一个花序能结出10～15个果,每株产量在500g 左右。三、适时正确定植选8月初连阴小雨天气或晴天下午4时以后定植,避开阳光直射,有利于缓苗,定植苗木深浅适宜,做到苗心基部与表土平齐,不能外露,定植过深,心叶在高温季节腐烂,使苗死亡,过浅使新茎外露,易造成干枯死亡。四、及时灌水草莓苗定植以后,要立即浇1次水,之后在4～5天内每天早晚浇1次水,以保持根基部土壤湿润,保证及时缓苗。五、地膜覆盖到11月上旬,土壤封冻前,把地膜覆盖上。一是为增加地温,保持土壤水分,二是为了苗木生长健壮,有利于抗病。六、防灰霉病、芽枯病用76%500g 神农888草代合剂加水600～800倍配成药液,在露地栽培草莓扣膜前,揭膜后各喷药1次,可防治草莓灰霉病。用喷粉法(抖粉法)防治草莓芽枯病,用1袋(200g)药加10kg 草木灰拌匀,均匀地撒在根基或芽顶上。
In general, raising seedling protection rate is the basis of high yield and stability of strawberries. Practice has proved that the key points should be as follows 6 points. First, careful land preparation, uniform fertilization Strawberry plots to cultivate the first turn, made of high ridge (ridge height 25cm, width 30cm, width 60cm, ridge spacing 35cm), planting two lines per ridge. Made flat 畦 (畦 wide 1m appropriate), each 畦 two lines. 500 kg per mu Shiathan dry, soybean cake 25kg, 80kg of compound fertilizer. Second, the strict selection of seedlings with 5 to 6 leaves, root neck in the 1 ~ 1.5cm, seedling weight 20 ~ 30g seedlings planted, each can issue 5 to 6 inflorescences, an inflorescence can bear 10 to 15 A fruit, yield of about 500g per plant. Third, timely and correct colonization election In early August Liangyin rainy weather or sunny afternoon after 4 pm colonization, avoid direct sunlight, is conducive to Huanmiao, appropriate seedling planting depth, so that the base of seedlings flush with the topsoil, can not be exposed, planted over Deep, heart leaves decay in the hot season, the Miao death, too light to expose new stems, easy to cause dry death. Fourth, timely irrigation Strawberry seedlings planted immediately after pouring 1 water, after 4 to 5 days in the morning and evening poured 1 water each day to keep the roots of soil moisture, to ensure timely Huanmiao. Five, mulching to early November, the soil frozen before the mulching. First, to increase the ground temperature, maintain soil moisture, and second, to robust seedling growth, is conducive to disease resistance. Six, anti-gray mold disease, germ blight with 76% 500g Shennong 888 grass agent mixture of water 600 to 800 times dubbed liquid medicine, in the open field cultivation of strawberry buckle before the film after the spraying 1, can prevent strawberry ash mildew. With the powder method (shake powder method) control strawberry blight, with 1 bag (200g) plus 10kg of ash and mix well, evenly sprinkled on the top of the roots or buds.