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[目的]调查成都市养老机构老年人认知功能障碍患病率及危险因素。[方法]采用随机整群抽样方法,从成都市5个主城区共110家养老机构,各区抽取1～2所共10个机构进行横断面研究,对所纳入的老人进行面对面问卷调查、功能检查和医学资料收集,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。[结果]共调查356名60岁以上老人,认知功能障碍者181位,患病率为50.7%。其中80.9%的老人有日常生活能力受损。多因素逐步Logistic分析显示:女性(OR:0.387;95%CI:0.211～0.710)、高龄(OR:4.276;95%CI:2.228～8.205)、职业性质(OR:2.241;95%CI:1.168～4.301)、低教育水平(OR:3.181;95%CI:1.420～7.124)、婚姻状况(OR:0.183;95%CI:0.053～0.627)慢性疾病(OR:1.640;95%CI;0.700～6.956)、参加活动(OR:0.403;95%CI:0.166～0.982)及日常生活能力(OR:0.338;95%CI:0.127～0.900)与认知功能障碍的危险关系密切。慢性疾病中的高血压(OR:2.095;95%CI:1.122～3.912)、糖尿病(OR:2.168;95%CI:1.058～4.442)、脑血管病(OR:2.141;95%CI:1.086～4.222)及心脏病(OR:2.902;95%CI:1.240～6.794)是独立的危险因素。[结论]成都市养老机构60岁以上老人认知功能障碍患病率高,8种危险因素与其关系密切,这为养老机构照护认知功能障碍的老人提出了严峻挑战。
[Objective] To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of cognitive impairment in the elderly in pension institutions in Chengdu. [Methods] Random cluster sampling method was used in this study. A total of 110 aged care institutions in 5 main urban areas of Chengdu were selected and 1 or 2 institutions in all districts were selected for cross-sectional study. Face-to-face questionnaires and functional tests And medical data collection, using single factor and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. [Results] A total of 356 elderly people over the age of 60 were investigated, 181 of whom were cognitively impaired, the prevalence was 50.7%. Among them, 80.9% of the elderly have impaired their daily living ability. Multivariate stepwise Logistic analysis showed that the odds ratio (OR: 0.387; 95% CI: 0.211-0.710), age (OR: 4.276; 95% CI: 2.228-8.205) 4.301), low education level (OR: 3.181; 95% CI: 1.420-7.124), marital status (OR: 0.183; 95% CI: 0.053-0.627) (OR: 0.403; 95% CI: 0.166-0.982) and daily living ability (OR: 0.338; 95% CI: 0.127-0.900) were closely related to the risk of cognitive impairment. Hypertension in chronic diseases (OR: 2.095; 95% CI: 1.122-3.912), diabetes (OR: 2.168; 95% CI: 1.058-4.442), cerebrovascular disease (OR: 2.141; 95% CI: 1.086-4.222 ) And heart disease (OR: 2.902; 95% CI: 1.240 to 6.794) were independent risk factors. [Conclusion] The prevalence rate of cognitive dysfunction among elderly people over 60 in Chengdu pension institutions is high, and eight risk factors are closely related to them. This poses a severe challenge for elderly people who care for cognitive dysfunction in pension institutions.