采用基尼系数法测度我国1990-2009年的劳动者教育结构,发现:我国劳动者以中低受教育程度为主逐渐转向以中等受教育程度为主,且劳动者之间受教育水平的差异程度也趋于下降,但高中及以上受教育水平的劳动者缺失是制约教育结构优化升级的瓶颈。据此,要加强高中和中专类从业人员的培育,并鼓励家庭教育投资。 Using Gini coefficient method to measure the education structure of labors in China from 1990 to 2009, it is found that: the laborers in our country shift from medium and low levels of education to those with medium level of education, and the differences of education level among laborers But also tends to decline. However, the shortage of laborers with high school education and above is the bottleneck that restricts the optimization and upgrading of education structure. Accordingly, it is necessary to strengthen the training of practitioners in senior secondary and secondary education and to encourage investment in family education.