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为了扩大森林资源，加快盐碱土改良和造林绿化步伐，探明盐渍土壤中的盐基组成及其危害因素是十分必要的。对山东省内陆与滨海两大盐渍土区分别进行采样分析，结果表明：与对照（农田）相比，盐渍土的土壤电导度过大（比内陆区大３０～１３４倍，比滨海区大２２～３５倍），土壤钠含量过多（比内陆区多６８～２６６倍，比滨海区多２８～６３倍），而且绝大部分（６４５％～９１４％）以代换性和水溶性Ｎａ＋状态存在；同时内陆盐渍土的盐基Ｍｇ２＋、滨海盐渍土的盐基Ｋ＋也显著高于对照地，这是产生土壤盐害的主要原因。内陆区盐分上重下轻，滨海区盐分下层较重，在土壤综合改良利用实践中，应针对不同地区盐渍土的发生、形成及其剖面分布特点采取相应措施。
In order to expand forest resources, speed up the pace of improvement of saline-alkali soil and afforestation, it is necessary to find out the salt-based composition and its harmful factors in saline soils. Sampling analysis of the two saline soils in inland and coastal areas of Shandong Province showed that the soil electrical conductivity of saline soils was larger than that of the control (farmland) (30 ~ 133 4 times larger than the coastal area of 2 2 ~ 3 5 times), soil sodium content is too much (more than the inland area 6 8 ~ 26 6 times more than the coastal area 2 8 ~ 6 3 times) , And the vast majority (645% -914%) existed in the substitutional and water-soluble Na + status. At the same time, the content of salt-based K (superscript 2+) in saline-alkali soil and salt-base K + In contrast, this is the main cause of soil salt damage. In the inland area, the salinity is heavy and heavy, and the lower salinity in the coastal area is heavier. In the practice of comprehensive improvement and utilization of soil, corresponding measures should be taken in view of the occurrence, formation and profile distribution of saline soil in different areas.