健康素养是指个体具有获取、理解和处理基本的健康信息或服务,并运用这些信息和服务做出正确判断和决定,维持和促进自身健康的能力〔1〕。首次中国居民健康素养调查结果表明,中国城乡居民具备健康素养的总体水平为6.48%,即每100人中不到7人具备健康素养〔2〕。因此,提高全民健康素养水平是加快实现联合国千年发展目标中卫生相关目标的迫切需要。为了解福建省城乡居民的健康素养状况,为采 Health literacy refers to the ability of individuals to acquire, understand and handle basic health information or services, and to use these information and services to make correct judgments and decisions to maintain and promote their own health (1). The results of the first survey on health literacy of Chinese residents showed that the overall level of health literacy among urban and rural residents in China is 6.48%, that is, less than 7 people have health literacy among 100 people [2]. Therefore, raising the level of universal health literacy is an urgent need to accelerate the achievement of the health-related goals of the UN Millennium Development Goals. To understand the health literacy status of urban and rural residents in Fujian Province, mining