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为了解决激光熔覆近净成形薄壁零件易开裂问题和倾斜零件的效率问题,采用温度场和应力场数值模拟及工艺实验相结合的方法,使用316L不锈钢粉末进行了有角度薄壁件的激光熔覆近净成形。研究结果表明,连续成形不仅会导致薄壁零件成形区域温度过高引起塌陷及过熔现象,而且残余应力会超过材料屈服强度,造成薄壁零件开裂;连续熔覆5层后再冷却10min的工艺措施不仅可以有效降低成形区域温度,保证初始成形条件相对稳定,而且避免了逐层冷却,提高了成形效率;制备的有角度薄壁件层间界限分明、表面平整。
In order to solve the easy-cracking problem of the thin-wall parts near net shape and the efficiency of the tilted parts, laser and angle thin-wall laser were made by the combination of temperature field and stress field numerical simulation and process experiment. Near net shape cladding. The results show that continuous forming can not only lead to collapse and over-melting caused by over-temperature in the forming area of the thin-walled parts, but also the residual stress will exceed the yield strength of the material, resulting in the cracking of thin-walled parts. After continuous cladding of 5 layers and cooling for 10 minutes The measures can not only effectively reduce the temperature of the forming zone, ensure the initial forming conditions are relatively stable, but also avoid the layer-by-layer cooling and improve the forming efficiency; the prepared angle-walled thin-walled layers have clear boundaries and the surface is smooth.