目的了解济源市肺结核合并AIDS的临床特征,探讨治疗效果,为防控提供依据。方法对1997年1月至2010年12月登记治疗的肺结核病人4 932例,将其中合并AIDS的20例设为观察组,另4 912例设为对照组。两组均给予2HRZE/4H3R3或2H3R3Z3E3/4H3R3方案,在治疗的2个月末、3个月末和疗程结束时,比较两组痰菌阴转及症状改善等情况。结果观察组肺结核以Ⅱ型为主(55.0%),对照组以Ⅲ型为主(87.8%);就诊时痰阳检率观察组高于对照组;观察组症状改善较对照组慢,疗程也更长。观察组16例痰检阳性者经6个月至1年抗结核治疗后,15例治愈。结论肺结核合并AIDS患者病情复杂,治疗较单纯肺结核困难,应增加药物并适当延长疗程。 Objective To understand the clinical features of tuberculosis complicated with AIDS in Jiyuan City and to explore the therapeutic effect and provide the basis for prevention and control. Methods From January 1997 to December 2010, 4 932 pulmonary tuberculosis patients registered for treatment were enrolled. Among them, 20 cases were complicated with AIDS and the other 4 912 cases were set as control group. Both groups were given 2HRZE / 4H3R3 or 2H3R3Z3E3 / 4H3R3 regimen. At the end of 2 months, 3 months and the end of treatment, the sputum negative conversion and symptom improvement were compared between the two groups. Results The observation group was predominantly type Ⅱ (55.0%) and type Ⅲ (87.8%) in the control group. The sputum positive rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the symptom improvement in the observation group was slower than that in the control group Longer. In the observation group of 16 sputum tests, 15 cases were cured after anti-TB treatment of 6 months to 1 year. Conclusion The patients with tuberculosis complicated with AIDS have complicated disease. Compared with simple tuberculosis, the treatment should be increased and the course of treatment should be prolonged appropriately.