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摩擦力在汽车行驶中究竟起什么作用?这个问题在现行的中学物理教材中未予系统地阐明。在初中物理教材中仅指出:如果没有摩擦力,车轮将原地打滑而不能前进;在高中物理教材中也仅指出:汽车在水平方向所受的作用力为向前的牵引力、向后的摩擦力和空气阻力。但没有说清什么是牵引力。因而,学生们常常认为摩擦力是汽车前进的阻力,牵引力则是与摩擦力无关、由发动机产生的前进的动力。对这个问题,需要作一些分析。要弄明白摩擦力在汽车行驶中的作用,首先要对汽车的结构有个大致的了解:汽车的车头和车箱是通过四个车轮支承在路面上的,在车轮与路面的接触处存在着摩擦力,但前、后轮
What is the role of friction in car driving? This problem has not been systematically elucidated in current high school physics textbooks. Only pointed out in junior high school physics teaching materials: If there is no friction, the wheels will slip in place and can not move forward; only pointed out in high school physics teaching materials: the force exerted by the car in the horizontal direction is forward traction and backward friction Force and air resistance. But did not say what is traction. Thus, students often think that friction is the resistance of the car to go forward, and traction is the motivation generated by the engine, which has nothing to do with the friction. On this issue, some analysis needs to be done. To understand the role of friction in driving a vehicle, you first have a general understanding of the structure of the car: the car’s front and the car are supported by four wheels on the road, and there is friction between the wheel and the road Force, but before and after the wheel