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为明确林窗大小对南方红豆杉生长、形质的影响以及珍贵用材培育成效,测定福建省明溪杉木林中25个林窗样地的南方红豆杉的生长、干形和分枝等指标,分析林窗大小与生长、干形和分枝情况之间的关系,将25个林窗样地按不同面积划分为25~50 m~2(Ⅰ)、50~75 m~2(Ⅱ)、75~100 m~2(Ⅲ)、100~125 m~2(Ⅳ)、125~150 m~2(Ⅴ)5种林窗类型,运用层次分析法构建了珍贵用材评价指标体系,采用多目标决策法评价5种林窗类型的综合效果.结果表明:林窗大小显著影响南方红豆杉树高、胸径、冠幅、杈干率、通直度、圆满度、尖削度、径高比、枝下高、枝间距、最大侧枝直径等11个生长和形质指标以及综合评价值.林窗Ⅰ、Ⅱ类型显著促进南方红豆杉的树高、胸径、冠幅的生长.在干形指标方面,林窗Ⅰ、Ⅱ类型显著抑制分杈率和尖削度,提高通直度;林窗Ⅱ类型显著提高圆满度和径高比.林窗Ⅰ、Ⅱ类型显著提高枝下高,降低最大侧枝直径;林窗Ⅰ类型显著提高枝间距.林窗Ⅰ、Ⅱ类型显著提高珍贵用材综合评价值.在杉木林内南方红豆杉的培育过程中,控制采伐强度、创建面积25~75 m~2的林窗可提高培育效果.
In order to clarify the effects of gap size on the growth and quality of Taxus chinensis and the effects of precious timber culture, the indexes of growth, dryness and branching of Taxus chinensis in 25 alpine fir forests in Mingxi fir forest of Fujian province were determined. The relationship between gap size and growth, dryness and branching was analyzed. According to different area, 25 samples were divided into 25 ~ 50 m ~ 2 (Ⅰ), 50 ~ 75 m ~ 2 (Ⅱ) Five kinds of forest window types of 75 ~ 100 m ~ 2 (Ⅲ), 100 ~ 125 m ~ 2 (Ⅳ) and 125 ~ 150 m ~ 2 (Ⅴ) were established. The evaluation index system of precious wood was established by using the analytic hierarchy process. The results showed that: the size of gap can significantly affect the height, DBH, crown width, stem diameter, straightness, fullness, taper, aspect ratio, 11 growth and morphological indexes such as branch height, branch spacing and the maximum branch diameter, as well as the comprehensive evaluation value.Cloth type Ⅰ and Ⅱ significantly promoted the growth of tree height, diameter at breast height and crown width of Taxus chinensis var.mairenensis, , Type I and II of Gap significantly inhibited bifurcation rate and taper, and improved straightness; type II of Gap significantly improved the conformality and aspect ratio Ⅰ and Ⅱ significantly increased the height of branches and reduced the maximum diameter of branches.The type of gaps of branches Ⅰ significantly increased the branch spacing.The types of gaps Ⅰ and Ⅱ significantly improved the comprehensive evaluation value of precious wood.In the process of the growth of Taxus chinensis Cutting strength, to create a forest area of 25 ~ 75 m ~ 2 can improve the cultivation effect.