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根据目标性状有的放矢的选配杂交亲本是提高优异品质组成品种的选择效率的基本前提。本研究对东北三省102份大豆种质资源的蛋白、氨基酸组分、油份及脂肪酸组分进行测定,通过遗传多样性、主成分和聚类分析,对其进行表型鉴定及基因型分类以综合评价种质品质特性。结果表明:东北三省大豆种质油份及脂肪酸组分变异较丰富,遗传多样性程度较高。根据主成分分析筛选到9个主成分进行聚类分析,通过聚类分析将供试种质资源分为5类。第I类群蛋白含量较高、油份含量偏低,第II类群蛋白、油份含量均居中,第III类群油份含量较高、蛋白含量偏低,第IV类群高油,第V类群高蛋白,类群间的氨基酸、脂肪酸组分各有差异。需根据育种目标在群体间选配亲本,以提高品质育种的效率。
According to the targeted traits of targeted hybrid parents is to improve the selection of excellent quality varieties of the basic premise of the efficiency. In this study, the protein, amino acid composition, oil and fatty acid composition of 102 soybean germplasms in three provinces of Northeast China were determined. The genetic diversity, principal components and cluster analysis were used to identify the phenotypes and genotypes Comprehensive evaluation of germplasm quality characteristics. The results showed that soybean germplasm resources and fatty acid components in the three northeastern provinces varied greatly and their genetic diversity was high. According to the principal component analysis, nine principal components were screened for cluster analysis, and the germplasm resources were divided into five categories by cluster analysis. Group I with high protein content and low oil content, Group II with moderate protein and oil content, Group III with higher oil content and lower protein content, Group IV with high oil, Group V with high protein , Among the groups of amino acids, fatty acid components are different. According to breeding objectives in the population matching parents, to improve the quality of breeding efficiency.