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目的探讨急性脑卒中患者肺部感染的病原菌分布并分析其危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究的方法,以医院神经内科2008年10月-2011年5月住院脑卒中合并肺部感染的90例患者为病例组,对照组为同期住院无肺部感染的脑卒中患者220例;根据痰培养结果分析病原菌,采用logistic回归分析分析急性脑卒中患者肺部感染的危险因素。结果送检标本192份,检出病原菌100株,检出率52.08%,其中革兰阴性菌占72.00%,革兰阳性菌占20.00%,真菌占8.00%;多因素分析显示,吞咽困难、侵入性操作、住院时间长、意识障碍是急性脑梗死患者合并肺部感染的危险因素,其OR值分别为4.99、4.16、4.55及2.58。结论应依据病原菌特点合理用药,针对危险因素采取有效预防措施。
Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogens in patients with acute stroke and their risk factors. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 90 patients with hospital-acquired stroke complicated with pulmonary infection in the Department of Neurology, Department of Neurology from October 2008 to May 2011. The control group consisted of 220 hospitalized stroke-free patients without pulmonary infection Cases; According to the results of sputum culture analysis of pathogens, the use of logistic regression analysis of acute stroke patients with pulmonary infection risk factors. Results A total of 192 samples were detected and 100 pathogenic bacteria were detected. The detection rate was 52.08%, of which Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 72.00%, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 20.00%, and fungi accounted for 8.00%. Multivariate analysis showed that dysphagia, Sexual operation, hospitalization for a long time, disturbance of consciousness is a risk factor for pulmonary infection in patients with acute cerebral infarction, the OR values were 4.99,4.16,4.55 and 2.58 respectively. Conclusions should be based on the characteristics of the rational use of pathogens, to take effective preventive measures for risk factors.