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近几年,高考历史科坚持了“在考查知识的基础上,注重能力考查”的方向,逐步实现了从知识型考试向能力型考试的转化。’95是能力考查力度最大的一年(考查历史思维能力的分值约占3/4),特别是在发掘选择题的能力考查功能上取得了有目共睹的新突破,其方向是正确的。但是,’95命题在从总体上控制试卷的难度上很不理想(难度为0.46),是历届高考历史试卷难度最大的一年。难度过高不仅易于挫伤广大中学师生的积极性,而且对命题者也造成了颇大的压力。于是,如何“在坚持考查能力的前提下,降低难度”,处理好降低难度和考查能力的关系,就成为摆在命题者面前需要解决的突出问题。’96历史试卷就是在这一背景下出台的。 下面,我们对’96历史试卷作此简要评析。 一、’96历史试题的主要特点 1.调整题型结构,加强基础知识考查,确保降低试题难度。
In recent years, the College Entrance Examination History Division has adhered to the direction of “focusing on ability examinations based on the examination of knowledge” and gradually realized the transformation from knowledge-based examinations to competency-based examinations. ’95 is the year in which the ability to examine is the greatest (3/4 of the ability to examine historical thinking), and in particular, a breakthrough has been made in the ability to explore multiple-choice questions. Its direction is correct. However, the ’95 proposition is very unsatisfactory in terms of difficulty in controlling the examination paper as a whole (difficulty is 0.46). It is the most difficult year for the history of the previous college entrance examination. Excessive difficulty is not only easy to dampen the enthusiasm of teachers and students in the middle school, but also caused considerable pressure on the proposition. Therefore, how to “reduce difficulty” on the premise of persisting in the ability to examine, and deal with the relationship between difficulty and ability to examine, has become a prominent issue that needs to be solved in front of the proposition. The ’96 history paper was issued in this context. Below, we briefly review this ’96 history paper. First, the main features of the ’96 history test questions 1. Adjust the question type structure, strengthen the basic knowledge examination to ensure that the difficulty of the test is reduced.