论文部分内容阅读
目的:探讨家庭教养方式和睡眠习惯与学龄前儿童焦虑情绪的关系。方法:2019年3—10月采用Spence儿童焦虑量表、家庭教养方式评价量表（父母版）和自制的儿童睡眠习惯问卷对100名学龄前儿童进行调查。结果:女孩与男孩焦虑总分比较差异无统计学意义[（55.12 ± 9.89）分比（53.40 ± 11.82）分，n P>0.05]。父母的放纵-控制与儿童的社交恐惧和焦虑总分呈正相关（n r = 0.202和0.202，n P<0.05），父母的接纳-拒绝与儿童的广泛性焦虑呈正相关（n r = 0.237，n P<0.05），儿童的睡眠总时间与躯体伤害恐惧和焦虑总分呈负相关（n r = -0.230和-0.203，n P<0.05）。同床睡眠儿童焦虑总分明显高于单独睡眠和同房不同床睡眠儿童[（53.57 ± 9.75）分比（50.21 ± 13.89）和（50.48 ± 11.50）分]，差异有统计学意义（n P0.05）。多元逐步回归分析结果显示，年龄、性别、睡眠总时间、放纵-控制和袒护-粗暴是影响学龄前儿童焦虑的独立危险因素（n P<0.05或 0.05. The parent′s acrasia-control was positively correlated with children′s social anxiety dimension and total score of anxiety ( n r = 0.202 and 0.202, n P<0.05), the parent′s reception-rejection was positively correlated with children′s generalized anxiety dimension (n r = 0.237, n P<0.05), and children′s sleep duration was negatively correlated with physical injury fear dimension and the total score of anxiety (n r = -0.230 and -0.203, n P<0.05). The anxiety scores in children who slept in the same bed was significantly higher than that in children who slept alone and who slept in different beds in the same room: (53.57 ± 9.75) scores vs. (50.21 ± 13.89) and (50.48 ± 11.50) scores, and there was statistical difference (n P0.05). Multivariate analysis result showed that children′s age, sex, sleep duration, parents′ acrasia-control and partial-rough were the predictors of children′s anxiety (n P<0.05 or<0.01).n Conclusions:Different family rearing styles and children′s bed sleeping styles significantly affect the anxiety of preschool children. Parents should pay attention to the positive effects of good rearing styles and children′s separate sleep on anxiety.