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目的了解北京市部分医院住院儿童疾病构成和病死原因分布的变化。方法回顾性分析2003—2009年北京儿童医院及中日友好医院儿科≤18岁住院24h以上151336例病历资料。按年度、5个年龄段进行疾病构成和病死率的比较,同时将住院患儿的第一诊断按照国际疾病ICD-10分类标准化为感染性疾病、非感染性疾病、围生期疾病、伤害及其他5大类,按年度进行疾病和病死原因分布的比较。结果住院患儿前三位系统疾病依次为:呼吸道感染、先天畸形、新生儿疾病。前五位单病种疾病依次为:肺炎、腹股沟疝、恶性肿瘤、上呼吸道感染、过敏性紫癜;前三位病死原因依次为:先天性心脏病、恶性肿瘤、肺炎,其中婴儿以先天性心脏病为首位病死原因,1岁以上儿童以恶性肿瘤为首位病死原因。各期儿童住院的前五位疾病各有不同。结论北京城区医院住院儿童先天畸形、肿瘤等非感染性疾病明显增加,但仍以肺炎为首;婴儿以先天性心脏病为首位病死原因,1岁以上儿童以恶性肿瘤为首,与发达国家的病死原因一致。
Objective To understand the changes of the causes of disease and the composition of disease in hospitalized children in some hospitals in Beijing. Methods The data of 151336 cases of patients aged ≤18 years admitted to Beijing Children’s Hospital and Sino-Japanese Friendship Hospital from 2003 to 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. At the same time, the first diagnosis of hospitalized children was standardized according to ICD-10 classification of international diseases into infectious diseases, non-infectious diseases, perinatal diseases, injuries and The other five categories, according to the annual distribution of causes of illness and death comparison. Results The first three systematic diseases of hospitalized children were as follows: respiratory tract infection, congenital malformations and neonatal diseases. The top five diseases were pneumonia, inguinal hernia, malignant tumor, upper respiratory tract infection and allergic purpura. The causes of the first three diseases were congenital heart disease, malignant tumor and pneumonia. Among them, the congenital heart Disease is the first cause of death, more than 1 year old children with malignant tumor as the leading cause of death. The first five diseases of children in each period are different. Conclusions The prevalence of congenital malformations such as congenital malformations and neoplasms in Beijing Urban Hospital increased significantly, but pneumonia was still the most common cause. Congenital heart disease was the first cause of death in infants. Malignant tumors were the common cause in children over 1 year old, and the causes of death in developed countries Consistent.