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目前,日本成人主要疾病为恶性肿瘤;脑血管疾病、心脏疾患。次为高血压、糖尿病等。肿瘤的趋势是:胃癌,子宫颈癌逐年趋于下降。乳癌,肺癌及大肠癌趋于上升。但病院外科的住院肿瘤病人中胃癌仍占有较大比例。(一)胃癌的诊治:日本胃癌占男性癌死亡率的33%。女性占26%。胃癌的普查;是保健所与公立医院经常性的一项工作,先行集体消化道钡剂检查,根据其结果决定是否需要内窥镜。普查手段可以较早期或对尚无临床症状的患者予以及时发现。胃癌的治疗:早期或较早期胃癌仍以胃大部切除为主,术后重建首选BI式。进展期胃癌,则根据其病变范围及部位,行亚全切除,全切,全切加其他脏器切除,全胃切除后重建,多数应用EEA(吻合器)吻合。以空肠代胃较多。尽管胃全切后有一定的并发症,但为根治癌肿延长生
At present, the main diseases of adults in Japan are malignant tumors, cerebrovascular diseases, and heart diseases. The second one is hypertension, diabetes and so on. The trend of cancer is: stomach cancer, cervical cancer tends to decline year by year. Breast cancer, lung cancer and colorectal cancer tend to rise. However, gastric cancer still occupies a large proportion of hospitalized patients with tumors. (a) diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer: Japan’s stomach cancer accounted for 33% of male cancer mortality. Women account for 26%. The census of gastric cancer is a regular work in public health centers and public hospitals. The first step is to check the collective digestive tract liniment and determine whether an endoscope is needed based on the results. The census means can be found early in time or in patients with no clinical symptoms. The treatment of gastric cancer: early or early gastric cancer is still based on the main gastrectomy, postoperative reconstruction preferred BI type. For advanced gastric cancer, subtotal resection, total resection, total resection and other organ resections are performed according to the extent and location of the lesions, and reconstruction after total gastrectomy is performed. Most of the patients use EEA (stapling device) anastomosis. The jejunum replaces the stomach. Although there is a certain complication after total gastrectomy, it is prolonged to cure cancer.