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目的了解深圳市福田区社区居民的营养知识水平现状,评价营养教育对提高营养知识水平的干预效果,为进一步指导社区居民建立正确的膳食结构和习惯提供依据。方法于2016年5-7月分别在选定的10个社区对自愿参与营养知识讲座的居民进行培训及问卷调查,通过对比培训前后问卷的正确率对培训效果进行评价。结果在有效回收问卷的524名研究对象中,培训前不同年龄及文化程度人群的膳食相关知识得分差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);培训后仅不同年龄膳食相关知识得分差异有统计学意义(t=3.54,P=0.00);培训前平均得分为(49.46±16.28),培训后平均得分为(73.75±13.80),两者差异有统计学意义(t=26.06,P=0.00);居民膳食营养知识知晓率方面,培训后调查对象对大部分题目回答的正确率显著高于培训前。结论深圳市福田区社区居民的营养知识还处于较低的水平,营养教育有助于提高居民营养知识水平,促进居民健康,提高生活质量。
Objective To understand the current status of nutrition knowledge of community residents in Futian District of Shenzhen City and evaluate the intervention effect of nutrition education on improving nutrition knowledge level so as to provide basis for further guiding community residents to establish correct dietary structure and habits. Methods From May to July in 2016, residents of ten volunteers who participated in the nutrition knowledge lectures were trained and surveyed respectively in 10 selected communities. The effectiveness of the training was evaluated by comparing the correct rate of questionnaires before and after training. Results Among the 524 respondents who had effectively collected the questionnaires, there were significant differences in dietary knowledge scores of people of different ages and educational levels before training (all P <0.05). There was statistically significant difference in diet-related knowledge scores at different ages after training (T = 3.54, P = 0.00). The average score before training was (49.46 ± 16.28) and the average score after training was (73.75 ± 13.80), the difference was statistically significant (t = 26.06, P = 0.00) Residents of awareness of dietary knowledge, the survey respondents answered most of the questions correct rate was significantly higher than before training. Conclusion The nutritional knowledge of community residents in Futian District of Shenzhen City is still at a low level. Nutritional education can help improve residents ’nutritional knowledge, promote residents’ health and improve their quality of life.