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目的调查急诊工作人员对职业危害因素认知及自我防护状况。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷对医院急诊部隶属科室169名工作人员进行调查。结果急诊医师对概念的认知回答正确率最高,分别为93.3%、91.1%、88.9%,护士对物理、化学、生物性职业危害因素的认知率较高,分别为84.1%、84.1%、90.5%,实习人员对职业危害因素的认知存在不足,其中对运动功能性危害因素的认知63.0%;各类工作人员对生物性、暴力性危害因素及丙型肝炎、甲型肝炎、肺结核传播途径的认知比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对接诊有意询问传染病史及免疫接种、针刺伤、防护培训等问题的回答肯定率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过组织职业防护知识培训、健全管理监督制度,提高急诊工作人员对职业危害因素的认知,提高自我防护意识,做好防护。
Objective To investigate the cognition and self-protection status of occupational hazards among emergency workers. Methods The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 169 staff members who belong to department of emergency department of hospital. Results The correct rate was 93.3%, 91.1% and 88.9% respectively. The cognition rates of nurses on physical, chemical and biological occupational hazards were 84.1% and 84.1% respectively, 90.5%. There was a lack of cognition of occupational hazards among trainees, of which 63.0% were aware of the functional hazards of motor exercise. Various types of staff were sensitive to the biological and violent harmful factors as well as to hepatitis C, Hepatitis A, (P <0.05). There was a significant difference in the positive rate of answering the questions about intention to ask the history of infectious diseases, immunization, needle stick injury and protective training (P <0.05). Conclusion Through the organization of occupational protection knowledge training, improve the management and supervision system, improve emergency staff awareness of occupational hazards, improve self-protection awareness, and do a good job of protection.