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基于2014年4月庙岛群岛南部海域的调查资料,综合运用单因子指数法、地质累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法3种方法,研究了海水和表层沉积物重金属元素的含量分布特征,并对重金属元素进行了污染评价和生态风险分析。结果表明:调查海域海水中Zn、Hg、Cu和Cd均符合第一类或第二类海水水质标准,15%站位的Pb超第二类海水水质标准;表层沉积物中7种重金属均符合第一类沉积物质量标准,沉积物质量良好;地质累积指数评价结果表明沉积物中重金属污染程度由高到低为Zn>As>Pb>Cr>Cu>Cd>Hg,Hg均处于清洁状态,As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Cd均有部分站位呈轻度污染状态;潜在生态风险指数表明沉积物中重金属综合潜在生态风险程度为中,7种重金属潜在生态风险由高到低为Cd>Hg>As>Pb>Cu>Zn>Cr,Cd和Hg为调查海域沉积物重金属主要潜在生态风险因子;Pearson相关分析结果表明Zn、Cr、Hg、Cu、Pb、As之间呈显著相关(P<0.01),具有相似的来源特征。庙岛群岛南部海域重金属的来源主要包括黄河入海泥沙悬浮物输送、周边沿岸入海径流输入、港口码头船舶引入和大气沉降输入等。应加强对庙岛群岛南部海域海水中Pb及表层沉积物中Cd和Hg的监测,重点关注沉积物中Cd和Hg相对高值区的潜在生态风险。
Based on the survey data of the southern waters of Miaodao Islands in April 2014, the content distribution of heavy metal elements in seawater and surface sediments was studied by using three methods: single factor index method, geo-accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method Heavy metal pollution assessment and ecological risk analysis. The results showed that Zn, Hg, Cu and Cd in the seawater of the surveyed sea area all met the first or second seawater quality standard and the Pb exceeded the second seawater quality standard at 15% of the stations. The seven heavy metals in the surface sediment all met The first class of sediment quality standards, sediment quality is good; geological accretion index evaluation results show that the sediment heavy metal pollution levels from high to low as Zn> As> Pb> Cr> Cu> Cd> Hg, Hg are in a clean state, Some stations of As, Pb, Cr, Cu and Cd were slightly polluted. The potential ecological risk index showed that the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments was medium, and the potential ecological risk of seven heavy metals from high to low was Cd> Hg> As> Pb> Cu> Zn> Cr, Cd and Hg were the main potential ecological risk factors for the investigation of heavy metals in the sediments of the sea area. Pearson correlation analysis showed that Zn, Cr, Hg, Cu, Pb and As were significantly correlated <0.01), with similar source characteristics. The sources of heavy metals in the southern waters of the Miaodao Islands mainly include the sediment transport from the Yellow River into the sea, the input of runoff from the surrounding coasts, the introduction of ships into the port terminals and the input of atmospheric sedimentation. The monitoring of Pb and surface sediment Cd and Hg in seawater of the southern Miaodao Islands should be strengthened with a focus on the potential ecological risk of the relatively high values of Cd and Hg in sediments.