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以橡胶行业在职工人为研究对象,以皮脂腺、毛囊、毛发病变(主要包括痤疮、皮脂溢、脂溢性皮炎、毛囊炎及脂溢性脱发)为观察指标,对其分布规律及危险因素进行了初步探讨。结果显示:上述病症总患病率为33.4%。男性患病率显著高于女性,分别为38.2%及20.9%;低年龄组、工龄短的患病率显著高于高年龄组、工龄长者;在该行业中以炼胶、硫化工种患病率最高,分别为42.4%及33.4%。分层分析调整性别后吸烟及饮酒与皮肤病无显著的相关性。Logistic回归分析结果显示,皮肤病的主要危险因素包括性别、年龄、工龄、炼胶及硫化。因此本研究提示,在男性、低年龄组,特别是在炼胶及硫化工种加强重点防护,对降低该类疾病发生,提高工人的健康水平具有重要意义。
Taking workers in the rubber industry as the research object, the distribution and risk factors of sebaceous glands, hair follicles and hair lesions (including acne, seborrhea, seborrheic dermatitis, folliculitis and seborrheic alopecia) were observed Preliminary discussion. The results showed that: the total prevalence of the above conditions was 33.4%. The prevalence of males was significantly higher than that of females, which was 38.2% and 20.9% respectively. The prevalence of short working age in low age group was significantly higher than that in the senior age group and seniority in working age. The highest rates were 42.4% and 33.4% respectively. Stratified analysis showed no significant correlation between smoking and drinking and skin diseases after adjusting for gender. Logistic regression analysis showed that the main risk factors of skin diseases include gender, age, length of service, rubber mixing and curing. Therefore, this study suggests that strengthening the key protection in the male and lower age groups, especially in the rubber and chemical vulcanization industries, is of great significance in reducing the occurrence of such diseases and improving the workers’ health.