一、问题的提出人们总结错案产生的原因时,无论是我国对错案原因的分析,[1]还是其他国家对错案原因的列举,[2]有关鉴定结论的错误都位列其中,我们不妨统称为鉴定错误。在这些总结中,“不负责的鉴定人员”、“垃圾的鉴定技术”以及“不可靠的鉴定方法”等成为高频率出现的词汇。自然地,人们形成了这样一个看法:如果某个案件中的鉴定结论出现了错误,那通常是鉴定活动本身的错误所致,如鉴定人员不 First, the issue put forward When people conclude the reasons for the wrong case, whether it is China’s analysis of the reasons for the wrong case, [1] or other countries cited the cause of the wrong case, [2] the conclusions of the errors are identified among them, we may collectively To identify errors. In these summaries, “irresponsible appraiser ”, “rubbish appraisal technology ” and “unreliable appraisal method ” and the like become high-frequency appearing words. Naturally, people have come to the view that if there is a mistake in the identification of a case, it is often the result of a mistake in the identification of the activity itself,