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目的了解广西职业中毒病例的流行病学特征。方法笔者对2000-2012年间发生的892例职业中毒患者进行调查分析。结果广西职业中毒以慢性职业中毒(占76.1%)为主,其次为急性中毒(占23.9%)。企业规模分布以大型企业为主(占39.1%),其次为中型企业(占29.3%)。公有经济型企业职业中毒报告例数306人(占34.3%),非公有经济型企业职业病报告例数586人(占65.7%)。地区分布主要在河池市(占48.2%),其次为梧州市(占22.8%)。行业主要分布在有色金属矿采选业和冶炼及压延加工业(占40.8%),其次为黑色金属矿采选业、黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业(占36.7%)。结论需加强对河池和梧州地区的中小型金属矿采业和冶炼行业的监管,同时加强对接尘工人的职业病防治知识宣传和培训。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of occupational poisoning cases in Guangxi. Methods The author of 892 cases of occupational poisoning occurred between 2000 and 2012 were investigated and analyzed. The results of occupational poisoning in Guangxi occupational chronic occupational poisoning (76.1%), followed by acute poisoning (23.9%). The size of enterprises is dominated by large enterprises (39.1%), followed by medium-sized enterprises (29.3%). There were 306 reported cases of occupational poisoning (34.3%) in public economy enterprises and 586 (65.7%) reported cases of occupational diseases in non-public economy enterprises. The distribution is mainly Hechi (48.2%), followed by Wuzhou (22.8%). The industry is mainly located in non-ferrous metal mining and dressing and smelting and rolling processing industry (40.8%), followed by ferrous metal mining industry, ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry (36.7%). Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the regulation of the mining and smelting industries for small and medium-sized metal mines in Hechi and Wuzhou areas, and at the same time, strengthen the publicity and training on the knowledge of occupational disease prevention and control for those who come in contact with dust mines.