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该文的目的在于在新的球坐标系下,利用上限法重新推导钢管挤压力的计算公式,并用有限单元法对大钢管的挤压力进行验证,以为挤压机公称吨位的确定提供依据。研究中发现,当挤压比小于4时,理论计算与有限元模拟结果比较接近,误差小于10%;当挤压比大于5时,二者误差在20%以内。因此,该公式比较适合于挤压比不大于4的厚壁钢管挤压力预测。大尺寸钢管挤压时,固定芯轴结构的挤压力与随动芯轴相差不大;小尺寸钢管挤压时,随动芯轴结构明显大于固定芯轴的挤压力。另外,与其他挤压力计算公式相比,该文所推公式的计算误差更小。
The purpose of this paper is to re-derive the calculation formula of steel tube extrusion pressure under the new spherical coordinate system by using the upper bound method and verify the extrusion pressure of the large steel tube by the finite element method to provide the basis for the determination of the nominal tonnage of the extruder . The results show that when the extrusion ratio is less than 4, the theoretical calculation is close to the finite element simulation, the error is less than 10%. When the extrusion ratio is greater than 5, the error between the two is within 20%. Therefore, the formula is more suitable for the extrusion ratio of not more than 4 thick-walled pipe extrusion prediction. Large-size steel extrusion, the fixed mandrel extrusion pressure and follow-up mandrel little difference; small-size steel extrusion, follower mandrel structure is significantly greater than the fixed mandrel extrusion pressure. In addition, compared with other calculation formulas of squeezing force, the calculation error of this formula is smaller.