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肥料是人们为了给作物提供丰富的土壤营养物质,改善植物的土壤环境而施用的物质的总称。合理施肥是蔬菜高产优质的重要保证。然而蔬菜是比较“娇嫩”的作物,施肥不当极易造成肥害,现将蔬菜肥害类型及防治对策介绍如下。 1.外伤型肥害①气体毒害;主要指氨气的毒害。在施用氮肥或未腐熟的有机肥时,就会有氨逸散在空气中,当氨的浓度达到5毫克/公斤以上时,就会造成叶片伤害。开始时出现水渍状斑,以后细胞失水死亡,形成枯死斑。当氨的浓度达到40毫克/公斤以上时会使蔬菜发生伤害,叶肉细胞崩坏,叶绿素解体,叶脉间出现点、块状褐黑色伤斑。②浓度伤害:由于化肥或人畜粪尿一次施肥量过大,造成土壤溶
Fertilizer is a collective term for people to provide rich soil nutrients to crops and improve the soil environment of plants. Reasonable fertilization is an important guarantee of high yield and quality of vegetables. However, vegetables are more “delicate ” crops, improper fertilization can easily lead to fatal damage, now the type of vegetable fertilizer and control measures are described below. 1. traumatic fat injury ① gas poisoning; mainly refers to the poisonous ammonia. Ammonia is liberated in the air when nitrogen is used or when it is not decomposed. When the ammonia concentration reaches 5 mg / kg or more, leaf damage can result. The beginning of water-like spots, after cell death, the formation of dead spots. When the ammonia concentration reached 40 mg / kg or more will cause damage to vegetables, mesophyll cell collapse, chlorophyll disintegration, there are points between the veins, massive brown black spots. Concentration injury: due to fertilizers or manure once a large amount of fertilizer, resulting in soil dissolved