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为“设计”金属相变材料(PCM),建立了低熔点合金的熔点和相变潜热的计算模型。通过分析二元共晶合金相变中熵及焓等状态量的变化特点,推导出熔点和相变潜热预测模型,并将预测模型向多元合金进行了推广。利用预测模型计算得到15种低熔点合金的熔点和相变潜热的计算值,通过与DSC的测试结果进行比较并且对误差进行分析发现:熔点和相变潜热的计算值与测量值具有较好的一致性。并且得出一个配制金属相变材料的原则:若想得到相变潜热较高的合金,则应该选取相变潜热高的元素作为合金组元,并且提高该元素的含量。该预测模型的优点是仅用合金元素本身的物理参数即可较准确地预测合金的熔点和相变潜热,从而避免了大量的实验。
For the “design” of the metal phase change material (PCM), the calculation model of the melting point and the latent heat of phase transition of the low melting point alloy was established. Based on the analysis of the change of entropy and enthalpy in the phase transition of binary eutectic alloy, the prediction model of melting point and latent heat of melting was deduced and the prediction model was extended to multi-element alloy. The calculated values of melting point and latent heat of 15 kinds of low-melting-point alloys were calculated by the predictive model. Compared with the results of DSC and the error analysis, it was found that the calculated and measured latent heats of melting point and phase transition have better consistency. And come up with a principle of preparation of metal phase change material: If you want to get a higher phase transformation latent heat of the alloy, you should select elements with high latent heat of transformation as the alloy element, and increase the content of the element. The advantage of this prediction model is that the alloy’s melting point and latent heat of transformation can be predicted more accurately by using the physical parameters of the alloying element itself, thus avoiding a large number of experiments.