阿片类药物是治疗中重度疼痛的主要药物,然而,它并不是最理想的药物,原因之一在于临床上阿片类镇痛药的安全有效用量存在很大的个体差异。目前,阿片类药物个体差异的机制尚不清楚,可能由多方面的原因参与(比如基因或环境因素等)。本研究使用药物基因组学的双生子研究方法,研究基因与环境因 Opioids are the mainstay of treatment for moderate-to-severe pain. However, opiates are not ideal drugs, and one of the reasons is that there are large individual differences in the safe and effective amount of opioid analgesics in the clinic. At present, the mechanism of opioid individual differences is unclear, and may involve many factors (such as genetic or environmental factors). This study uses pharmacogenomics twins to study genetic and environmental causes