论文部分内容阅读
成就动机或成就需要，自五六十年代成为麦克兰德（McClelland）和阿克金森（Atkinson）的研究主题以来，人们从社会文化、价值观念、经济地位、社会竞争与合作的目标结构，以及认知取向（包括行为归因、信息收集、认知变化、认知策略、情感状态和自我评价）等，多层次、多角度地探讨了成就动机的本质、构成和发展等问题，迄今为止，成就动机仍是人们研究的热点，新的观点和理论仍在不断产生，是因为成就动机是人们取得优异成绩（Nicholls、Covington、Ames）创造新价值的推动力量，麦克兰德（McClelland）等人甚至认为，成就动机是企业成功、经济发展的一个重要心理动力。它是一个社会进步和文明的象征。
Achievement or Achievement Needs Since the 1950s and 1960s became the subject of studies by McClelland and Atkinson, there has been a shift away from the target structures of social culture, values, economic status, social competition and cooperation, and (Including behavioral attribution, information collection, cognitive changes, cognitive strategies, emotional status and self-evaluation) at different levels and angles to explore the essence, composition and development of achievement motivation and so on. So far, Achievement motivation is still the focus of research, and new ideas and theories continue to emerge because achievement motivation is the driving force behind the creation of new values by people (Nicholls, Covington, Ames), and McClelland et al. Even think that achievement motivation is an important psychological motivation for business success and economic development. It is a symbol of social progress and civilization.