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目的了解饮水型地方性氟中毒病情的现状、消长和发展趋势。方法在水牛陈监测点调查8岁~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况、尿液含氟量并检测居民饮用水含氟量。结果水牛陈监测点在2009年改水后水源含氟量控制在1.0 mg/L以下,2007-2011年8岁~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为70.37%、55.17%、65.22%、53.12%、45.83%,改水后3 a与改水前氟斑牙检出率有下降趋势,但差异无统计学意义,改水后第一年儿童尿氟有显著下降。结论降氟改水能有效控制氟中毒病情的发展,短期内尿含氟量下降明显。
Objective To understand the status quo, decline and development of endemic fluorosis in drinking water. Methods The incidence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years, the fluoride content in urine and the fluoride content of drinking water in residents were surveyed at the monitoring point of buffalo Chen. Results The fluoride content of water was controlled below 1.0 mg / L after the water buffaloes were monitored in 2009. The detection rates of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years were 70.37%, 55.17% and 65.22% respectively from 2007 to 2011, 53.12% and 45.83% respectively. There was a downward trend in the detection rate of dental fluorosis 3 years after water change and before water diversion, but the difference was not statistically significant. Urinary fluoride in children decreased significantly in the first year after water change. Conclusion Reducing fluoride and changing water can effectively control the development of fluorosis, and the content of fluoride in urine declines obviously in short term.