Peginterferon and ribavirin combination therapy for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is well known to be associated with significant adverse effects. Sensorineural hearing loss, that in most cases is unilateral, has been reported as a consequence of therapy with both non-pegylated and pegylated interferon (pegIFN) but is not a well-known adverse effect. We report a 45-year-old Caucasian woman who developed acute sensorineural hearing loss 2 mo after starting therapy with pegIFN-α 2b and ribavirin for the treatment of chronic HCV, genotype 1a. She did not report the hearing loss to the hepatitis clinic until L mo,later whereupon therapy was promptly discontinued.Although her serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT)normalized and her HCV-RNA became undetectable after 12 wk of pegIFN and ribavirin therapy, after discontinuation,her HCV-RNA became detectable with significant elevations of serum ALT. Four months after initial discontinuation,the patient re-commenced pegIFN and ribavirin combination therapy. After 44 of 48 wk of therapy, the patients liver biochemistry has normalized and the HCV-RNA is undetectable. She has not developed worsening of her hearing loss and hearing on the left-side is unaffected.Both patients and physicians should be aware that sensorineural hearing loss may occur with pegIFN therapy.Our experience suggests that re-institution of therapy is not always associated with further hearing impairment.