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对墨玉县两种核(桃)麦间作模式小气候因素调查分析表明,小麦间作较单作成熟期推迟4~6 d,群体内CO2浓度和温度分别降低25.33~28.73μmol·mol-1和0.23℃~0.43℃,相对湿度增加4.38~5.32个百分点,产量降低42.2%~74.5%。在间作区域内,拔节到抽穗,是核桃叶幕迅速形成期,遮荫率为52.22%~60.32%,重度遮荫率(光照强度≤1/2空地光照强度)为29.77%~34.09%,至扬花期的遮荫率最大,达52.21%~71.51%,重度遮荫率达37.15%~38.39%,并一直持续到小麦成熟,全期弱影响阶段(光照强度>1/2空地光照强度)50天左右,强影响阶段(光照强度≤1/2空地光照强度)45天左右,间作小麦群体内CO2浓度和温度大小顺序为顶部>中部>底部,距离树行越近,群体内平均CO2浓度越少,平均相对湿度越高,平均温度越低。9 m×3 m的核桃配置的综合小气候条件和产量构成优于6 m×4 m核桃配置,是值得推广的核(桃)麦间作模式。
Investigation and analysis of microclimate factors of two intercropping patterns in Moyu County showed that wheat intercropping was delayed by 4 ~ 6 d compared with that of single intercropping. The CO2 concentration and temperature were reduced by 25.33 ~ 28.73 μmol · mol-1 and 0.23 ℃ ~ 0.43 ℃, relative humidity increased 4.38 ~ 5.32 percentage points, yield decreased 42.2% ~ 74.5%. In the intercropping area, the rate of shading was 52.22% ~ 60.32%, and the rate of severe shading (light intensity ≤1 / 2 empty light intensity) was 29.77% ~ 34.09% from jointing to heading. The flowering rate was 52.21% -71.51% and the rate of severe shade reached 37.15% -38.39% at the flowering stage, and it continued until the wheat matured and the stage of weak impact of the whole period (light intensity> 1/2 empty light intensity). Day, about 45 days in strong impact stage (light intensity ≤1 / 2 open space illumination intensity), and the order of CO2 concentration and temperature in intercropping wheat was in the order of top> middle> bottom, closer to tree row, Less, the higher the average relative humidity, the lower the average temperature. The comprehensive microclimate configuration and yield of the walnut configuration of 9 m × 3 m is better than that of 6 m × 4 m walnut configuration, which is worth promoting the nuclear (peach) wheat intercropping model.