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目的:探讨牙周疾病与早产的关系。方法:合并牙周炎孕妇78例作为牙周炎组,选取同期无牙周炎孕妇80例作为非牙周炎组,分析两组患者早产、流产的发生率。收集孕妇妊娠20周～24周时的龈沟液及分娩后羊水,测定羊水中及龈沟液中肿瘤坏死因子a、白介素6和前列腺素E2的水平。比较两组早产发生率,早产妇与足月产妇牙龈液和羊水中的肿瘤坏死因子a、白介素6和前列腺素E2的质量浓度。结果:牙周病组中的早产发生率为31.1%,非牙周病组的早产发生率为6.3%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。早产妇龈沟液与羊水中的肿瘤坏死因子a、白介素6和前列腺素E2高于足月产妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:孕妇牙周感染可能是导致早产低体重儿的原因之一。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between periodontal disease and premature labor. Methods: 78 pregnant women with periodontitis were selected as periodontitis group. Eighty pregnant women without periodontitis were selected as non-periodontitis group. The incidence of preterm birth and abortion were analyzed. Gingival crevicular fluid and amniotic fluid after delivery were collected from 20 weeks pregnant to 24 weeks pregnant women, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 and prostaglandin E2 in amniotic fluid and in gingival crevicular fluid were measured. The incidences of preterm birth, tumor necrosis factor a, interleukin 6 and prostaglandin E2 in preterm and term pregnant women of gingival fluid and amniotic fluid were compared between the two groups. Results: The incidence of preterm birth was 31.1% in periodontal disease group and 6.3% in non-periodontal disease group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The levels of tumor necrosis factor a, interleukin 6 and prostaglandin E2 in gingival crevicular fluid and amniotic fluid of prematurity women were higher than those of full-term mothers, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: Periodontal infection in pregnant women may be one of the reasons leading to low birth weight premature children.