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鲁迅的小说《故乡》,是通过写故乡人们(重点是闰土)前后二十多年的变化,来揭示病态社会的根源,表达作者改造旧社会创造新社会的强烈愿望的。教学中,引导学生弄清“作者写了故乡什么变化”,是正确理解作者意图、准确把握小说主旨的一个关键。笔者认为,回答这一问题,既不能仅仅依据课后练习提示而局限于闰土与杨二嫂外貌、语言等具体变化,也不能如许多分析文章那样只是简单
Lu Xun’s novel “Hometown” is to reveal the root causes of morbid society through the changes of people in their hometowns (focusing on the soil) for more than 20 years, and to express the author’s strong wish to transform the old society and create a new society. In teaching, guiding students to make clear what “the author wrote about what changed in his hometown” is a key to correctly understanding the author’s intentions and accurately grasping the subject of the novel. The author believes that answering this question can neither be limited to the specific changes in the appearance and language of Min Yang and Yang Erji, just based on the hints of after-school exercises, nor can it be as simple as many analytical articles.