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一、机车拥有量及其运行条件近几十年来,铁路运输仍然是美国最主要的货运方式。据估计,到1980年时铁路货物周转量预计将增加到21000亿吨公里,即增加一倍左右。铁路货运量在美国总货运量中所占的比重仍将保持现在的水平,约占40%。31.7万公里铁路所完成的货物周转量为11000亿吨公里以上。2.7万台内燃机车承担着铁路货运量的99.1%。货物列车的平均总重为3460吨,平均运行速度为32.5公里/小时。在1970～1974年间,机车车辆的运营支出每年均超过20亿
First, the number of locomotives and their operating conditions In recent decades, rail transport is still the most important mode of transport in the United States. It is estimated that by 1980, the volume of railway freight traffic is expected to increase to 2.1 trillion kiloliters, or about double. The share of railway freight traffic in the total freight traffic in the United States will still maintain the current level, accounting for about 40%. 317,000 km of railways completed more than 1,100 billion tonne of cargo turnover. 27,000 diesel locomotives bear the railway freight volume of 99.1%. The average total weight of cargo trains was 3,460 tons, with an average speed of 32.5 km / h. From 1970 to 1974, the operating expenditures of rolling stock exceeded 2 billion annually