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使用中国城乡老年人追踪调查数据(2006年和2010年),采用多状态生命表模型,分析教育对中国老年人健康预期寿命的影响。中国60岁老年人的预期寿命为20.08岁,健康预期寿命18.69岁。随着年龄增长老年人健康预期寿命减少,从80岁开始,健康预期寿命低于不健康预期寿命。未上过学的老年人预期寿命低于小学以上老年人,未上过学的老年人健康预期寿命和健康预期寿命占比均低于小学以上老年人。教育水平对老年人预期寿命和健康预期起着影响作用。应把健康预期寿命作为评价老年人健康水平的主要指标之一。
Using the data from China’s urban-rural elderly follow-up survey (2006 and 2010), the multi-state life table model was used to analyze the impact of education on the life expectancy of health of the elderly in China. The 60-year-old in China has a life expectancy of 20.08 years and a healthy life expectancy of 18.69 years. As the health life expectancy of the elderly declines with age, the health life expectancy is below the unhealthy life expectancy from the age of 80. Elderly persons who have not yet attended school have lower life expectancy than those of primary school or older, and the proportion of healthy life expectancy and health life expectancy of those who have not attended school is lower than that of primary school children. The level of education has an effect on the life expectancy and health expectations of the elderly. Healthy life expectancy should be used as one of the main indicators to evaluate the health of the elderly.