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基于刚性水锤理论,结合实际工程水道布置,考虑调压室阻抗作用以及实际水轮机和调速器特性,对采用尾水岔管室后交汇布置型式的水电站推导了水力机械系统小波动稳定性分析状态方程。运用稳定性理论,分析了电站的小波动稳定性,并利用基于特征线法的水电站过渡过程数值模拟进行验证,两者结果基本一致。随后研究了该类型调压室面积及阻抗孔口对系统稳定域的影响。结果表明:调压室面积越大,阻抗孔口面积越小,系统越稳定;当调压室设计面积超过稳定断面面积时,进一步增加调压室横截面积,对系统的稳定性并无多大改善,而当面积小于稳定断面面积时,系统的稳定域大幅度减小;阻抗孔口的尺寸会影响调压室的稳定断面面积,阻抗孔口尺寸越小,对应调压室所需的稳定断面面积越小。
Based on rigid water hammer theory, combined with the actual project waterway layout, taking into account the impetus of the surge chamber and the characteristics of the actual turbine and governor, this paper deduces the small-wave stability analysis of hydro-mechanical system for a hydropower station adopting tail-crossing manifolds Equation of state. By using the stability theory, the stability of small-scale power plants is analyzed and verified by the numerical simulation of transient process based on the characteristic-line method. The results are basically the same. Subsequently, the effect of this type of surge chamber area and impedance orifice on the stability of the system was investigated. The results show that the larger the area of the surge chamber and the smaller the area of the impedance orifice, the more stable the system. When the design area of the surge chamber exceeds the stable cross-sectional area, the cross-sectional area of the surge chamber is further increased, which has little impact on the stability of the system When the area is less than the stable cross-sectional area, the stability of the system greatly reduced; the size of the impedance aperture will affect the stable cross-sectional area of the surge chamber, the smaller the size of the impedance aperture, corresponding to the required stability of the surge chamber The smaller the cross-sectional area.