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以大麦(Hordeum vulgare)磷高效基因型(DH110和DH147)和低效基因型(DH49)为材料,采用盆栽实验研究大麦在极低磷(25 mg·kg–1土)、低磷(50 mg·kg–1土)和正常磷(75 mg·kg–1土)处理下叶片的磷组分和酸性磷酸酶活性特征。结果表明,低磷胁迫显著降低大麦叶片的无机磷含量,但对难溶态磷含量影响较小。高效基因型上部叶核酸态磷含量显著高于低效基因型,而下部叶则显著低于低效基因型,是低效基因型的18.4%–91.4%。大麦下部叶酯磷含量和分配比例表现为高效基因型低于低效基因型,而上部叶仅在低效基因型中显著低于高效基因型。核酸态磷和酯磷在高效基因型叶片中的含量分配表明其上部叶的磷素营养状况较优,而下部叶易溶性有机磷的分解转化作用更强。低磷和极低磷胁迫下,下部叶酸性磷酸酶的活性显著增加,且高效基因型显著高于低效基因型,分别为低效基因型的1.29–1.41倍。磷高效基因型大麦通过提高下部叶酸性磷酸酶活性加强酯磷和核酸态磷的分解,转化为无机磷,增加可移动性磷源的含量和比例,以提高生育后期大麦的磷素再利用能力。
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of barley (Pseudoalteridae) vulgare on phosphorus (25 mg · kg-1) and phosphorus (50 mg · L-1) · Kg-1 soil and normal phosphorus (75 mg · kg-1 soil). The results showed that low phosphorus stress significantly reduced the content of inorganic phosphorus in barley leaves, but had little effect on the content of insoluble phosphorus. The content of phosphorus in the upper leaves of high-efficiency genotypes was significantly higher than that of the low-efficiency genotypes, but lower leaves was significantly lower than the low-efficiency genotypes, which was 18.4% -91.4% of the low-efficiency genotypes. Lower leaf phosphorus content and distribution ratio in barley showed that the high efficiency genotype was lower than the low efficiency genotype, while the upper leaf was only significantly lower than the high efficiency genotype in the low efficiency genotype. The distribution of nucleic acid phosphorus and ester phosphorus in leaves of highly efficient genotypes indicated that the phosphorus nutrition status of the upper leaves was better, while the decomposition and conversion of the soluble lower organic phosphorus was stronger. The activities of lower folic acid phosphatase were significantly increased under low and low-phosphorus stress, and the high-efficiency genotypes were significantly higher than those of low-efficiency genotypes, which were 1.29-1.41 times of low-efficiency genotypes, respectively. Phosphorus-efficient genotype barley enhances the activity of lower folic acid phosphatase to enhance the decomposition of phosphorus and nucleic acid phosphorus, into inorganic phosphorus, increase the content and proportion of mobile phosphorus source, in order to improve the ability of phosphorus re-use of barley in later growth period .