一引言多准则决策(multiple-criteria decision making)或称多目标决策,是近年来各国管理学家及应用数学家正在广泛探索和热烈讨论的课题。多准则决策,比起单准则决策,考虑的因素更多,不确定的成分更大,特别是在有竞争对手或合作伙伴的情况下,问题就变得更加复杂,更不稳定。但从近年提出的理论和探讨的方法来看,任何一个多准则决策问题,都可以从以下三个角度(领域)进行研究,从 INTRODUCTION Multiple-criteria decision making or multi-objective decision making is a subject that is widely explored and heatedly discussed by management scientists and applied mathematicians in various countries in recent years. Multi-criteria decision-making, more factors than the one-way decision, more uncertain components, especially in the case of competitors or partners, the problem becomes more complex and more unstable. However, from the theories and methods proposed in recent years, any multi-criteria decision-making problem can be studied from the following three aspects