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百合具有生理休眠特性,种球采收后处于休眠状态。人工调控休眠进程对于种球繁育及鲜切花生产具有重要的意义。植物激素及激素间的互作对作物的生长发育有调控效应。要实现百合种球的国产化及鲜切花的周年供应,必须了解百合种球的休眠进程及休眠解除机理,才能实现人工调控。试验材料为产自宁夏回族自治区隆德县的东方百合‘索邦’(‘Sorbonne’)。选取周径为16/18cm的种球,用1g·L-1抑霉唑浸泡30min后,分别放入ABA及其合成抑制剂fluridone、GA3及其合成抑制剂paclobutrazol、IAA及其输出抑制剂2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid(TIBA)溶液中浸泡24 h,清水浸泡相同时间作为对照。晾干后放置在4°C(±0.5°C)冷库中进行贮藏,包埋介质为含水量70%的草炭。从冷库贮藏日起,每隔7d随机取样至70d,每次取5个种球采用HPLC测定芽中激素含量;第28d起,每次随机取样30个种球栽种于以草炭为基的塑料箱中,持续6次。先将种植箱放置于17°C(±0.5°C)的黑暗环境中至出芽,记录萌发时间后将箱转移至温室,记录现蕾、开花时间。第一朵花开时统计株高、叶片数、花蕾数、花蕾长度及花径。结果表明:IAA输出抑制剂2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid(TIBA)显著提前了出苗时间及现蕾、开花时间,显著增大了花径;显著降低了叶片数和花蕾数,但对株高和花蕾长度没有显著影响。说明TIBA能够促进百合种球休眠的解除,且影响切花的生长和品质。而外源IAA及其他处理对种球休眠没有显著影响。对百合芽中3种植物内源激素(GA3、IAA、ABA)的测定结果表明,TIBA处理后休眠解除过程中芽中的内源GA3先升高后降低、IAA低于对照;外源IAA处理后内源IAA略有降低,GA3无明显变化。内源GA3/IAA的分析结果表明,种球芽的GA3/IAA比值在冷处理过程的前期高、后期降低有利于休眠的解除。说明GA3和IAA的相互作用对百合休眠的调控有重要作用,GA3/IAA比值变化可能是TIBA调控百合休眠进程的主要原因。冷处理时间与休眠解除显著相关。随着冷处理时间延长,出苗时间、现蕾时间、开花时间均显著缩短。经TIBA处理的,冷藏42d时的出苗时间、现蕾时间和开花时间均最短。
Lily has a physiological dormancy characteristics, the seed ball after harvest in a dormant state. Artificial regulation of dormancy process for breeding bulbs and fresh cut flowers of great significance. Plant hormones and hormones of the interaction between the growth and development of crops have a regulatory effect. To achieve the domestication of lily bulbs and the annual supply of fresh cut flowers, we must understand the dormancy process and dormancy release mechanism of lily bulbs in order to achieve artificial regulation. The test material is ’Sorbonne’ from Oriental Lily County in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. After the seeds were soaked with 1 g · L-1 imazalil for 30 min, the ABA and its synthetic inhibitors fluridone, GA3 and their synthetic inhibitors paclobutrazol, IAA and their export inhibitors 2 , 3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) solution for 24 h, soaked in water for the same time as a control. After it is left to dry, it is stored in a refrigerator at 4 ° C (± 0.5 ° C). The embedding medium is peat with 70% moisture content. From the cold storage day, every 7d random sampling to 70d, take 5 kinds of balls each time using HPLC determination of hormone content in buds; 28d, each randomly sampled 30 kinds of bulbs planted in a peat-based plastic box In the last 6 times. Place the plantation box in a dark environment at 17 ° C (± 0.5 ° C) for germination. Record the germination time and transfer the box to the greenhouse. Record the budding and flowering time. The first flower when the plant height statistics, the number of leaves, buds, bud length and flower diameter. The results showed that IAA export inhibitor 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) significantly accelerated the emergence time, budding and flowering time, significantly increased flower diameter, significantly reduced the number of leaves and flower buds, No significant effect on bud length. TIBA can promote lily dormancy release, and affect the cut flower growth and quality. Exogenous IAA and other treatments had no significant effect on the dormancy of bulblets. The results of endogenous hormones (GA3, IAA, ABA) of three plants in lily buds showed that endogenous GA3 in the buds of TIBA treated first increased and then decreased, while IAA was lower than that of the control. Exogenous IAA Endogenous IAA slightly decreased, GA3 no significant change. Analysis of endogenous GA3 / IAA showed that GA3 / IAA ratio of bulb shoots was high in the early stage of cold treatment and decreased in the late stage, which was conducive to the release of dormancy. The results indicated that the interaction between GA3 and IAA played an important role in the regulation of lily dormancy. The change of GA3 / IAA ratio may be the main reason for the regulation of lily dormancy by TIBA. Cold treatment time and sleep release significantly correlated. With the prolonged cold treatment, emergence time, budding time, flowering time were significantly shortened. After TIBA treatment, the emergence time, the budding time and the flowering time at 42d were the shortest.